Hazardous waste (Hazardous waste) is 1) corrosive, toxic, flammable, reactive or infectious, etc. one or more of the hazardous characteristics; 2) it is not ruled out that it has hazardous characteristics, which may be harmful to the environment or human health The impact needs to be managed in accordance with hazardous waste. According to the 2016 edition of the "National Hazardous Waste List", the major categories are optimized and downsized, and hazardous waste can be divided into 46 categories and 479 categories. Hazardous waste mainly includes industrial waste, municipal waste and medical waste. Among them, industrial waste accounts for more than 70% and medical waste about 14%. Among industrial hazardous waste, waste acid and alkali waste accounted for 30%, asbestos waste accounted for 14%, and non-ferrous metal smelting waste accounted for 10%. Among the source industries, chemical raw materials and product manufacturing accounted for 19%, non-ferrous metal smelting accounted for 15%, scrap metal mining and dressing accounted for 14%, and paper industry accounted for 13%.

The principle of hazardous waste treatment is harmless treatment and resource utilization. The basic treatment steps include classification, pretreatment, and final disposal. Metals, greases, solvents, dyes and other wastes with recycling value can be used as resources; pretreatment includes physical, chemical, and physical and chemical solidification. Only the pretreated hazardous waste can enter the harmless disposal process, including incineration. , Landfill, physical chemical, and cement kiln co-processing can also be listed as harmless disposal methods.